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For centuries, our understanding of the cosmos has been dominated by the Copernican and Newtonian models. However, these frameworks contain logical inconsistencies that have been overlooked. This article presents a new, mechanically sound cosmic model that places a stationary Earth at the true center of the universe (or the Earth may have a certain free but regulated dance, like the "pulley" of an old-fashioned clock).

This model is not based on abstract theory but on direct observation and divine mechanics. It proposes that the universe operates like an intricate clockwork, designed by a Creator. The key to understanding its motion is the spiral, a fundamental pattern found in nature, from the DNA double helix to the whorl of a seashell.

The Core Principles of a Geocentric Spiral Cosmos

This model is built on a series of interconnected principles that offer a more coherent explanation for the movements of the heavens.

1. The Sun's Spiral Orbit: The Sun revolves around the Earth not in a simple circle or ellipse, but in a precise spiral trajectory. It completes one full spiral cycle annually.

2. Annual Ascent and Descent: For six months, the Sun spirals "upward" toward the northern celestial pole (bringing summer to the northern hemisphere), and for the subsequent six months, it spirals "downward" toward the south (bringing winter to the northern hemisphere).

3. Stable Proximity to the Poles: As the Sun approaches the northern and southern limits of its journey, its spiral path adjusts slightly (the diameter of the spiral ring decreases), maintaining a consistent average distance from Earth and preventing extreme temperature fluctuations.

4. A Stable, Upright Earth: The Earth’s axis is not tilted. The seasons are caused exclusively by the Sun's annual ascent and descent along its spiral path, which changes the angle and intensity of sunlight reaching the hemispheres.

5. The Planetary Dance of Mercury and Venus: Mercury and Venus are not orbiting the Sun in the conventional sense. They are the Sun's natural satellites (Mercury and Venus are very small), performing a complex "dance" between the Earth and the Sun as they are carried along by the Sun's primary spiral motion.

6. The Outer Planets' Orbits: Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, and the other outer planets also revolve around the central Earth. Their more complex movements are secondary motions influenced by the Sun’s powerful spiral trajectory.

7. The Moon's Constant Path: The Moon's size and orbit remain as observed. It follows its consistent, stable monthly revolution around the Earth, independent of the Sun's more complex path.

8. Beyond Conventional Gravity: The force of gravity as described by Newton is an incomplete concept. If the Sun were as massive as mainstream science claims, its gravitational pull would have consumed Mercury and Venus in seconds. The cosmos is instead governed by a system of divine mechanics and equilibrium, not a single, dominant force.

9. The Spiral as a Universal Signature: The Sun's spiral motion is a reflection of a universal design principle. This pattern is seen in the vortex of water, in hurricanes, and most importantly, in the double helix of DNA, the blueprint of life itself.

10. DNA as a Cosmic Analogy: Just as DNA's spiral structure encodes the instructions for life, the Sun’s spiral path encodes the rhythms of time, seasons, and cosmic order for the Earth.

11. Consistent Apparent Size: The Sun's apparent size in the sky remains stable throughout the year, confirming that its spiral path maintains a relatively constant distance from Earth.

12. A Challenge to Heliocentrism: This model posits that Copernicus, Galileo, and Newton, by focusing only on linear and circular motions, missed the elegant, three-dimensional spiral solution that governs the heavens. Their models were based on incomplete geometric assumptions.

13. The Lag of the Stars: All the stars revolve around the Earth. As the Sun spirals on its annual journey, it appears to move against the backdrop of the Zodiac. The stars also complete a full rotation around Earth, but they lag behind the Sun's daily motion by approximately four minutes. This slight lag causes the stars to complete their full 360-degree cycle in one sidereal year.

Rethinking Cosmic Scale: The True Size of Celestial Bodies

The established model of an immense universe with colossal stars is a mathematical abstraction, not an observed reality. In this new framework:

— The Sun and Moon are Proportional: The Sun is not a gigantic star but is only moderately larger than the Moon, positioned at a comparable distance from Earth. This explains their similar apparent sizes in the sky.

— Stars are Nearby Lights: The stars are not distant suns millions of light-years away. They are smaller, self-luminous bodies scattered within our cosmos at much more modest distances (the average star is the size of Earth and has an average distance of 150 million kilometers from Earth (the distance of 390 Moon)).

— Galaxies are Not Spiral Universes: The objects called "galaxies" are not vast, independent island universes. They are simply unique clusters of scattered stars, floating like jellyfish in the celestial sea. The idea that they are spiral is an incorrect interpretation that has been used to support a flawed heliocentric model.

— Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and Black Holes - should be considered as a natural "part" of the universe with non-exaggerated properties.

The True Nature of Nebulae: The Waters of Creation

Modern astronomy misunderstands the nature of nebulae. They are not merely clouds of gas and dust but are the fundamental substance of creation.

— Nebulae as Celestial Waters: Nebulae are the "frozen waters" of the cosmos, primordial reservoirs from which stars are periodically born.

— Cosmic Origins in Genesis: In the beginning, the Creator made the original nebula out of nothing. This primordial substance was composed of waters, gases, and proto-land. From this, He formed the Earth (and the planets - cold stars) by separating the terrestrial land and waters. The filtered waters that were drawn from the nebula became the rivers, seas, and oceans of Earth. The Earth itself is a condensed and perfected form that "fell" from this celestial nursery.

— Our universe has a more distant oval-shaped "shell", beyond which lies the inexplicable universe of the Creator.

Conclusion: A Universe of Divine Clockwork

This model restores Earth to its rightful place at the center of a divinely ordered and mechanically precise universe. It is a cosmos that functions like a grand symphony, where the Sun performs a graceful spiral dance, the planets follow in harmony, and the stars complete their majestic procession.

It is a framework where observation, mathematics, and theology unite, revealing a universe woven with purpose, rhythm, and mystery, a universe designed as a perfect home for humanity, under the watch of its Creator.

The question of how the universe operates has fascinated humanity for centuries. Two famous historical models - the Copernican and Ptolemaic systems - provided early frameworks for understanding the cosmos. Two new models - each presenting a unique perspective on the structure and functioning of the universe. Differences and similarities between these four models.

1. The Copernican Model

Key Features:

Heliocentric (Sun-centered) system

All planets, including Earth, orbit the Sun in elliptical paths (there is a modern version of this).

The Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours, causing day and night.

Seasons are explained by the Earth's axial tilt as it orbits the Sun.

Stars are considered to be stationary, located far away from the planets.

Strengths:

Provided a mathematically simpler explanation for planetary retrograde motion.

Introduced the concept of elliptical orbits based on Johannes Kepler’s later refinements.

Explained the phases of Venus and other planetary phenomena better than prior models.

Weaknesses:

Initially, the Copernican model was resisted by the Church and many scholars for challenging the geocentric view.

It still required some use of epicycles (smaller circular motions) to explain planetary movements.

The Earth's northern and southern hemispheres are at different distances from the Sun in their summer due to the Earth's elliptical orbit around the Sun.

2. The Ptolemaic Model

Key Features:

Geocentric (Earth-centered) system.

Planets, including the Sun, orbit the Earth in a series of epicycles (small circles) within their main orbits (called deferents).

Stars are fixed in the outermost celestial sphere, which rotates around the Earth once every 24 hours.

The Sun moves along a fixed path relative to Earth, accounting for day and night.
 
Strengths:

Provided an effective explanation for the observed retrograde motion of the planets.

Aligned with the religious and philosophical beliefs of the time, positioned Earth as the center of the universe.

Weaknesses:

Required complex calculations and the addition of epicycles, making it less efficient than later models.

Did not provide a clear explanation for the changing phases of Venus or certain observations of planetary motion.

3. The First Version of the New Model

Key Features:

Geocentric system.

Spiral Orbit: The Sun follows a spiral path around Earth, completing one full rotation every 24 hours. The Sun moves higher or lower relative to the Earth’s equator, creating the familiar progression of the seasons.

The stars rotate around Earth in approximately 24 hours and 4 minutes, slightly slower than the Sun, allowing the Sun to pass through the "oblique" part of the Zodiac (with/reason of the Sun's spiral orbit) in one year.

Planets (referred to as cold stars) and stars (hot stars) are distinct, with planets following their own orbits around Earth.

Strengths:

Provides an alternative explanation for the daily movement of the Sun and stars, with the Sun maintaining a steady path and creating the four seasons.

Accounts for the motion of stars and planets through a different mechanism, with planets seen as cold stars.

Weaknesses:

This contradicts modern astrophysics, which places the Sun at the center of the solar system.

4. The Second Version of the New Model

Key Features:

Geocentric system where the Sun follows a circular inclined orbit around Earth, aligned with the Zodiac in 365 days. The Sun moves higher or lower relative to the Earth’s equator, creating the familiar progression of the seasons.

The Earth rotates counterclockwise around its axis every 24 hours, explaining the day-night cycle.

Fixed stars (hot stars) remain stationary in the sky, while planets (cold stars) orbit Earth in their paths.

The Sun’s annual orbit around Earth creates the seasons, similar to the first model but with a more circular and inclined orbit.

Strengths:

Simpler than the Ptolemaic system, avoiding the need for epicycles.

Provides an explanation for both daily and annual solar movement, ensuring the creation of seasons without an axial tilt of Earth.

Weaknesses:

Similar to the first new model, it does not align with modern astrophysical data regarding planetary distances and movements.

Size and Distance of the Sun and Planets

Ptolemaic Model: The Sun is closer than the stars but farther than the Moon, orbiting Earth in a circular path.

Copernican Model: The Sun is 109 times larger than Earth and is located millions of kilometers away.

New Models (Both Versions): The Sun is two to three times larger than Earth and follows either a spiral or circular inclined orbit around Earth, remaining much closer than in the Copernican system.

New Models (Both Versions): Stars (hot stars) are twice the size of Earth, and planets (cold stars) are  2 times smaller than Earth.

Moon’s Orbit:

New Models (Both Versions): The Moon remains at the same distance from Earth, which is about 384,400 kilometers, and orbits in approximately 29.5 days. The Moon’s phases and behavior are identical to those in the Copernican system.

Conclusion: Four Models of the Universe

The Copernican and Ptolemaic models have laid the foundation for understanding the cosmos. The Copernican model revolutionized astronomy by placing the Sun at the center, while the Ptolemaic system offered a geocentric view. The two new models provide alternative explanations that combine ancient geocentric beliefs with different mechanisms for the Sun’s orbit, daily cycles, and the movement of stars and planets. While modern science favors the Copernican model, these new models present ideas about the universe’s structure, offering a fresh perspective on celestial mechanics.

Introduction: A New Vision of the Universe

The universe, as described by modern astrophysics, is vast, expanding, and largely incomprehensible due to its scale and complexity. In the Copernican model, the Sun is 109 times larger than Earth, and planets revolve around it in a heliocentric system. However, alternative models of the universe provide us with new perspectives that suggest a more ordered, compact, and purposeful design - where God, as the Creator, resides outside of the known universe (though space is not essential to Him).

This article will explore an alternate understanding of the universe. Here, the universe is not an endless expanse, but a structured, mechanical system with an Earth at its center (Near the center. The Earth may have some movement like the winch of a mechanical wall clock (slower).). Celestial bodies operate according to divine laws, and God governs from a larger triangular space outside this universe. Let us delve into this alternate model, the redefined role of celestial bodies, and the significance of galaxies, nebulae, Dark Matter, and Dark Energy (the so-called).

The Clockwork Universe and Earth’s Central Role

The Divine Mechanism: A Smaller, More Ordered Cosmos

In this alternate version of the universe, we see a compact, structured cosmos that functions like a finely tuned mechanical clock. The universe is far smaller and more ordered than what Copernican astronomy and modern astrophysics propose. Unlike the heliocentric model where Earth is just one of many planets orbiting a distant Sun, this model places Earth at the center (near the center) of the universe.

The Sun, rather than being a massive star located millions of miles away, is much closer to Earth. It is approximately two to three times larger than Earth, compared to the astrophysical assumption that the Sun’s radius is 109 times greater than that of Earth. In this model, the Sun is unique, not an ordinary star. It follows a controlled spiral orbit around Earth, rotating once every 24 hours (there is also another rotating option). The Sun’s size, proximity, and movement are all designed with purpose, reflecting the divine order of this smaller universe (relatively small). Interestingly, we only see one side of the Sun, which remains ever-present and fixed in its orbit around Earth.

Cold Stars and Hot Stars: Redefining Planets and Stars

In this compact universe, celestial bodies do not adhere to the standard definitions used in modern astronomy. The planets that we know of - Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, or another planet in the universe supposedly similar to Earth - are actually "cold stars" in this model. These cold stars do not emit heat like the Sun but are still mobile and orbit Earth in their respective paths. In contrast, the traditional stars we see in the night sky are "hot stars," which produce their own light and energy. However, they are not the enormous, distant suns we assume them to be. Instead, they are approximately twice the size of the Earth, significantly smaller and much closer than what is described by modern astrophysics.

This radical redefinition of celestial bodies creates a more cohesive and understandable cosmos. The universe is not an endless expanse of distant planets and stars, but a tightly knit structure where all objects play a meaningful role in maintaining the system's order.

The Compact Universe: Dimensions and Divine Purpose

The size of this alternate universe is drastically reduced compared to the vast, infinite model proposed by astrophysics. To better understand its scale, we can draw an analogy to the Great Pyramid of Giza. In this analogy, Earth occupies the position of the granite sarcophagus in the King’s Chamber (If the sarcophagus is the fully compressed sphere), while the rest of the universe is the pyramid itself. This analogy emphasizes that the universe is finite, with each celestial body serving a specific function, contributing to the harmonious operation of the cosmic system.

Unlike the vastness of modern cosmology, where stars are light-years away and galaxies are separated by unimaginable distances, this new model presents a manageable, compact universe. Every celestial body operates under divine order, with Earth holding a central position in God’s grand design. This smaller, structured universe invites us to rethink the scale of creation and our place within it.

Galaxies, Nebulae, and the Origin of Earth’s Waters

Galaxies: Closer and More Contained

In modern astrophysics, galaxies are immense systems composed of billions of stars, often separated by millions of light-years from each other. However, in this alternate universe, the concept of galaxies is far more accessible and simplified. Rather than being distant, far-reaching clusters of stars and cosmic matter, galaxies are reimagined as smaller, closer stellar clouds. These clusters are not light-years away, but exist within a more condensed universe, occupying a space that is easier to comprehend and manage.

The galaxies in this alternate universe are not vast, unreachable cosmic entities. They are part of the same structured, clockwork-like universe that is held together by divine laws. Their proximity to Earth and each other plays a critical role in maintaining the harmony of the entire system. This intimate placement emphasizes the structured nature of the universe, where celestial bodies remain within reach, contributing to a greater cosmic order rather than existing in isolation.

Nebulae: The Source of Water and Creation

One of the most striking differences in this alternate universe is the role that nebulae play. Rather than being mere clouds of gas and dust floating in the expanse of space, nebulae have a more significant and purposeful function - they are the source of water and life on Earth.

In this model, nebulae are not far-off, mysterious objects. Instead, they contain filtered and frozen water, essential for the formation of stars and planets. The nebulae are not just reservoirs of cosmic material, but they are directly involved in the creation of Earth and other celestial bodies. At the beginning of the universe, nebulae had a different mixture of elements, including oxygen and water, which contributed to the creation of Earth, the Sun, the Moon, stars, and even people.

This divine design suggests that the waters of Earth - the oceans, seas, rivers, and lakes - originated from these nebulae. Earth’s waters were not simply part of the planet’s geological processes, as we understand them in modern science, but were sent from nebulae, filtered and prepared by the Creator for sustaining life on Earth. The original nebulae had a different composition and temperature, helping to form the foundation of life and the very existence of Earth. Figuratively speaking, the Earth "fell" from the universe, descending from the nebulae, rich with life-giving water and other elements essential for creation.

Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and the Divine Order Beyond the Universe

Dark Matter and Dark Energy: Cosmic Mysteries or Divine Materials?

In modern astrophysics, Dark Matter and Dark Energy are considered some of the greatest enigmas of the universe. They are believed to make up approximately 85% of the total mass of the universe, yet they remain invisible and undetectable by traditional means. Dark Matter is thought to exert gravitational forces, while Dark Energy is believed to be driving the expansion of the universe. But in this alternate, divinely structured universe, Dark Matter and Dark Energy take on a different meaning.

In this model, Dark Matter and Dark Energy are not vast, incomprehensible forces spread across the cosmos. Instead, they are a possible "material" that exists in limited spaces, serving a divine purpose. They are part of the intricate design of the universe but are not the governing forces behind creation. Unlike the view in modern science, where Dark Matter and Dark Energy seem to operate beyond human understanding, this model suggests they exist under God’s control, playing a supportive role in the function of the universe.

As described in the Bible, in Job 38

19 Where is the way where light dwelleth? and as for darkness, where is the place thereof,

20 That thou shouldest take it to the bound thereof, and that thou shouldest know the paths to the house thereof?

This passage implies that even darkness, whether in the form of Dark Matter or Dark Energy, has a defined place and purpose within God’s creation. These materials may fill the spaces between stars and galaxies, contributing to the balance of the cosmos. However, they are not the ultimate force that sustains the universe - God is.

The Role of Black Holes and the Edge of the Universe

One of the most perplexing aspects of modern astrophysics is the existence of black holes - regions of space where gravity is so intense that even light cannot escape. While black holes remain largely unexplained, in this alternate view of the universe, they can be seen as mechanisms within God’s cosmic system. Black holes might serve as portals or boundaries between different parts of the universe, containing and regulating energy and matter in ways that are essential to the universe’s function.

What Lies Beyond the Universe? The Triangular Realm of God

One of the most significant ideas in this alternate universe model is the existence of a space beyond the known universe - a triangular area where God resides. This triangular realm is not part of the physical universe that we can observe or measure. It exists beyond the boundaries of space, time, and Dark Matter. In this realm, God governs the universe according to His divine laws, which are reflected in the intricate, mechanical nature of the cosmos.

This triangular space represents a higher dimension, containing the universe, Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and black holes. It is the seat of divine power and authority, where God oversees the functioning of the entire system. The laws of physics, as we understand them, do not apply here. Instead, this realm operates on divine principles that transcend human understanding.

The Big Bang theory, as proposed by modern science, suggests that the universe began as a single point that exploded outward, creating time and space. But even if the universe had a beginning, the question remains: what existed before the Big Bang? Where was this "Point" located, and what space contained it before the universe began? This alternate model offers a compelling answer: the universe, including the moment of its creation, exists before God. It is His creation, sustained and guided by His will from the triangular realm outside of space and time.

The Divine Control of the Universe’s Expansion

In modern astrophysics, the universe is constantly expanding and is driven by Dark Energy. But in this alternate model, the expansion of the universe is not random or chaotic. It is part of a cyclical, mechanical process governed by divine laws. The universe expands and contracts in cycles, with "births" and "explosions" occurring at regular intervals. These events are not accidents or anomalies; they are part of the Creator’s grand design.

The Final Question: Where Is Our Universe Located?

After examining this alternate view of the universe, one fundamental question arises: where is our universe located? If the universe is not an infinite, ever-expanding expanse, then where does it exist? The answer is simple yet profound: the universe is located before God. It exists within the triangular space where God resides, governed by His rules and sustained by His will. This divine perspective shifts our understanding of the universe from a random, chaotic expanse to a purposeful, structured creation.

Conclusion: A Universe of Divine Order and Purpose

In this alternate vision, the universe is not an incomprehensible expanse governed by random forces. Instead, it is a structured, mechanical system that operates under divine laws. Earth is central to this system, with galaxies, nebulae, and stars serving specific, life-giving functions. Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and black holes play their roles within the cosmos, but the ultimate force behind the universe is God.

This view invites us to rethink our understanding of the cosmos - not as a random, chaotic system, but as a purposeful, divine creation, centered around Earth and overseen by God from His realm beyond the stars.

In the vast expanse of the universe, mysteries abound, captivating the human imagination and driving scientific inquiry. Modern Astrophysics, a field at the forefront of exploration, delves deep into understanding the origin, size, and age of the universe, unraveling the complexities of stars, galaxies, and nebulae. In this article, we embark on a journey through the cosmos, exploring the theories, methodologies, and evidence that shape our understanding of the universe.

In the Bible, several passages allude to the universe and celestial phenomena, including nebulae. The Bible mentions the nebulae as: "waters above the heavens" (already filtered waters).

Psalm 148:4
Praise Him, you heavens of heavens,
And you waters above the heavens!

Genesis 1:1-2: This opening passage of the Bible speaks to the creation of the universe by God, setting the stage for the subsequent account of creation.

Psalm 19:1-2: This poetic passage from the Psalms emphasizes the majesty and beauty of the heavens as a testament to God's creative power and wisdom.

Isaiah 40:26: Here, Isaiah describes God as the creator of the stars and celestial bodies, emphasizing His sovereignty over the cosmos.

Job 9:9: This verse from the book of Job references various celestial objects and constellations, highlighting the diversity and wonder of God's creation.

These passages invite readers to contemplate the grandeur of creation and to recognize the divine hand behind it.

Theory of Modern Astrophysics:

Origin, Size, and Age of the Universe:

The origin of the universe remains one of the most profound questions in astrophysics. Several theories, including the Big Bang theory and inflationary cosmology, offer explanations for the universe's birth, expansion, and evolution over billions of years. Observations of the cosmic microwave background radiation provide compelling evidence supporting the Big Bang theory, revealing the universe's early stages and its subsequent expansion.

Astrophysicists estimate the size of the observable universe to be approximately 93 billion light-years in diameter, encompassing countless galaxies, stars, and cosmic structures. Through advanced telescopes and observational techniques, scientists peer deep into space and time, unraveling the vastness of the cosmos and its ancient origins.

Measurement of Stars:

Stars, the celestial beacons that illuminate the night sky, hold vital clues to understanding the universe's dynamics. Astrophysicists employ various methods to measure stars, including parallax, spectroscopy, and photometry. Parallax, based on the apparent shift of a star's position relative to background objects as Earth orbits the Sun, allows scientists to calculate stellar distances accurately.

Spectroscopy reveals valuable information about a star's composition, temperature, and movement through the analysis of its emitted light spectrum. Brightness and volume measurements further contribute to understanding stellar properties, aiding in the classification and characterization of stars across the cosmic landscape.

Counting Stars:

Counting the number of stars in the universe presents a formidable challenge due to its vastness and complexity. Astrophysicists utilize statistical methods and observational data to estimate the abundance of stars within galaxies, galaxy clusters, and stellar populations. By analyzing star formation rates, luminosity functions, and galactic structures, scientists infer the total number of stars in the observable universe, numbering in the billions of trillions.

Types of Galaxies:

Galaxies, vast assemblies of stars, gas, and dust, exhibit a diverse range of shapes, sizes, and compositions. Common types include spiral galaxies, characterized by their pinwheel-like arms, elliptical galaxies, with smooth, oval shapes, and irregular galaxies, displaying chaotic structures. Additionally, astronomers classify galaxies based on their activity levels, such as active galactic nuclei and starburst galaxies, shedding light on their evolution and dynamics.

Types of Nebulae:

Nebulae, clouds of gas and dust scattered throughout the cosmos, serve as stellar nurseries, where new stars form and old stars meet their demise. The main types include emission nebulae, glowing with the light of energized gas, reflection nebulae, reflecting starlight off surrounding dust, and planetary nebulae, the remnants of dying stars. Studying nebulae provides insights into stellar birth, evolution, and the recycling of matter within galaxies.

Evolution of Life:

The evolution of life in the universe represents a captivating intersection of astrophysics, biology, and planetary science. While the origins of life remain a subject of ongoing research, astronomers search for habitable exoplanets within the habitable zone of stars, where conditions may support liquid water and potentially life-sustaining environments. By studying planetary systems and astrobiology, scientists explore the cosmic possibilities of life beyond Earth.

Theory as Evidence:

In astrophysics, theories serve as frameworks for understanding the universe, guiding research and exploration. Validating theories relies on empirical evidence gathered through observations, experiments, and computational models. While theories undergo scrutiny and refinement over time, their validity hinges on their ability to explain observational data and make testable predictions. Through rigorous testing and peer review, astrophysical theories continue to evolve, shaping our understanding of the cosmos.

It is probably worth starting with an anecdote. Elephants meet a lion and one of them asks the lion - Who are you?, and the lion replies that he is a king, the elephants laugh and reply to the lion saying - If you are a king then why are you so small?

In this anecdote, the elephants are the astronomers or astrophysicists and the lion is the universe.

However, one should not conclude from this anecdote that if the stars are not very large, then they are very small, but one should adhere to the rule of the golden mean in astronomy or in astrophysics.

First of all, let's start with the fact that the Universe "works" like a mechanical clock (+ fast spiral and reverse orbit (keeping the Sun (rotation (in 24 hours) of the Sun around the Earth) at an "curved" equal distance from Earth) or + circular inclined orbit (annual rotation of the Sun 'along' the "Zodiac" (but the stars are "fixed" in their places, and the planets (cold stars) are mobile around the Earth, and there are also other "rotations" and cold stars in the Universe)), two options (in both cases the Earth is located "near" the center of the Universe, has a fixed area. Earth is like a pearl (there is no second)): or - or, in the first option, the rotation of the Earth around its axis at a slow rate is possible, in the second option, the fast rotation of the Earth around its axis; in 24 hours (slightly slowly (counterclockwise))), to which the Copernican Solar System does not correspond. The motions of the Universe cannot be fictional and irregular; in music it's called Jazz, may also be called "astronomical faith". The dimensions of the Universe can be compared to the Pyramid of Cheops, provided that the granite sarcophagus of the King's Chamber is the Earth (this means that this is sealed information, if the sarcophagus (although it is not a sarcophagus) were like a ball, then many people would understand that we are talking about the Earth, although Copernicus (his theory) has "blinded" everyone indiscriminately). The expansion or contraction of the Universe is also cyclical and "mechanical", and "births" and "explosions" also occur in the Universe from time to time.

Let's start with the fact that the Sun is two or three times bigger than the Moon and is just as far away (the radius of the Sun is not 109 times greater than the radius of the Earth and the Sun is not an "ordinary" star). We only see one side of the Sun.

It must also be emphasized that the so-called planets are unusual stars (they are cold stars).

After all this, one may wonder, where did the galaxies and nebulae go?

Galaxies are stellar clouds or clusters (not that big and light years away), while nebulae are filtered and frozen water (for stars).

Earth waters (ocean, sea, river) were taken, filtered, and sent from nebulae (in the beginning, the nebulae had another mixture, composition, and temperature with the ground, nebulae were an original mix with oxygen (and water); for creating the Earth, Sun, Moon, stars, and people). Figuratively speaking, the Earth fell from universe, from the nebulae.

Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe is a possible "material" (it's not that big of a space), but it is not God or the Creator.

About Dark Matter or Dark Energy, the Bible says - Job 38:19 Where is the way where light dwelleth? and as for darkness, where is the place thereof, 20 That thou shouldest take it to the bound thereof, and that thou shouldest know the paths to the house thereof?

What is beyond the Universe, Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and Black Holes? (an extended round (containing the Universe, Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and Black Holes) area or a separate 3D triangular area); God is there with His "rules".

The Big Bang theory, according to astrophysicists, which was the first starting "Point" or the second starting "Point" (or so on), for the origin of our Universe; "Point" with compressed time and space, then in what time and what space (area) was located this "Point" before Big Bang, before the origin of the Universe? (the main secret of the Universe is space (area)). It's like putting two mirrors in front of each other (reflections, where there is no space (area)). And in general, where is our Universe located? so that it is not "lost"! the correct answer is: before God.